Functions of management science

Functions of management science 

Management is a universal phenomena. We can see it in every walk of life. It is an integral part of society. The process of getting things done through others as per firm’s objectives is known as management. Henry fayol the father of management classified management functions into planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling.
Gullick and Urwick have described the management functions as POSDCORB. Here P stands for planning, O stands for organizing, S-staffing, D-directing, CO –coordination, R-reporting, B-budgeting.

However the functions of management can be divided into six categories:
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Directing
5. Coordinating
6. Controlling
1. Planning:
This is one of the important functions of management. Planning is a mental process requiring foresight and sound judgment. Planning is the process of deciding in advance what to do, when to do, where to do and how the results are to be evaluated. It is nothing but taking action in advance and deciding today what is to be done tomorrow. Efficient planning is essential to achieve the organizational goals in most efficient and effective manner. No, organizations can success without planning.
2. Organizing:
It is the process of establishing relationships among the members of the organization. This relation ship is created in the form of authority and responsibility. It is an important activity by which management brings together the manpower and material resources for the accomplishing of free determined goals. It also involves creating job positions at various levels and establishing mutual relationships between them. No, organizations can success without organizing.
3. Staffing:
It refers to placing of right persons at the right job at the right time. It involves recruitment, selection, training..etc. it involves training managers and other employee’s to improve their capabilities and preparing subordinates for the future as well as ensuring their personal development and growth. While performing the staffing function managers prepare reports on the performance of their subordinates and make recommendations regarding their promotion. No, organizations can success without staffing.
4. Directing:
It is the process of guiding the subordinates towards achieving the organizational goals. Generally managers issue day to day instructions and guide lines to the subordinates. Managers have to communicate decisions and instructions to the subordinates. It is nothing but giving guidance to the subordinates. It is concerned with the activating of the members of the organization for the accomplishment of the organizational goals. No, organization can successfully run without directing.
5. Coordinating:
It is the process of integrating the activities of different units and organization to accomplish the organizational goals efficiently. The purpose of coordination is to ensure that the goals of units and subunits are pursued in harmony with each other keeping in view the goals of the organization. Coordination is needed at all levels of management due to the interdependent nature of activities assigned to various departments and units.
6. Controlling:
It is the process of seeing whether the activities have been performed in conformity with the plains. It helps the management to get its policies implemented and to take corrective actions if performance is not in accordance with the planned objectives. No, organization can successfully run without controlling.